A case of noninflammatory corneal edema following anterior-posterior radial keratotomy (Sato's operation) successfully treated by topical corticosteroid.

BACKGROUND Corticosteroids seem to affect the functions of corneal endothelial cells directly in addition to their anti-inflammatory effect. CASE A 69-year-old man presented with blurred vision in his left eye and decreased visual acuity in both eyes. He had received anterior-posterior radial keratotomy for myopia in both eyes 40 years earlier. OBSERVATIONS Both eyes showed mild corneal stromal edema in the pupil area. We diagnosed the condition as corneal edema secondary to cell loss and dysfunction of corneal endothelium after surgery. One month later, the stromal edema was further advanced in the left eye. Corneal thickness had increased from the initial value of 619 microm to 631 microm, and corrected visual acuity had decreased from 0.5 to 0.06. There were no signs suggesting inflammatory reaction. The left eye was then treated with topical corticosteroid eyedrops and subconjunctival corticosteroid injection. Two months later, corneal thickness had decreased to 546 microm and visual acuity had improved to 0.5. CONCLUSIONS This case shows that topical corticosteroids may be effective in treating corneal edema by producing an anti-inflammatory effect and possibly activating the endothelium.